In July 1940, just days after the Soviet Union occupied Lithuania, Soviet foreign minister Vyacheslav Molotov warned the Lithuanian deputy prime minister that ‘in the future, small nations will have to disappear.’ The Baltic states …
Planning a massive expansion of its armed forces by 2039, Poland is deliberately building a national capacity for sustained high-intensity war. The country is treating large-scale conflict no longer as hypothetical but as a baseline …
Proposals for a Ukraine peace deal that accept Russian territorial gains repeat the old pattern of great powers dividing weaker states. It is a pattern set in the partitions of Poland in 1795 and revived …
Russian drones that flew into Poland last week were almost certainly not there by accident. This was a probe of NATO’s defences, another example of how coercive revisionist powers escalate within the grey-zone spectrum to …
For Poland, Russian aggression is not an abstract or distant possibility; it is an experience embedded in national history. This experience has been shaped by repeated encounters with an eastern neighbour whose imperial ambitions have, …




